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3M Company

Intrinsic Value Analysis (Discounted Cash Flow)Industry: ConglomeratesSector: Industrials

Fair Value Summary

Current Price$165.64
5Y Range72.81 – 112.14
5Y Selected92.47
(-) Safety Margin85.50%
5Y Buy Price$13.41
Upside (to Buy Price)-91.91%
10Y Range74.19 – 109.81
10Y Selected92.00
(-) Safety Margin85.50%
10Y Buy Price$13.34
Upside (to Buy Price)-91.95%

Company Predictability & Safety

MetricValue
Revenue R2 (5Y)0.6149
Revenue R2 (10Y)0.1220
Net Income R2 (5Y)0.1938
Net Income R2 (10Y)0.1555
EBITDA R2 (5Y)0.2025
EBITDA R2 (10Y)0.1908
FCF R2 (5Y)0.7403
FCF R2 (10Y)0.2200
Safety Score0.1450

DA 10-Year Projection

Metric2025202620272028202920302031203220332034
% Growth-4.29%-3.37%-2.45%-1.53%-0.61%0.31%1.24%2.16%3.08%4.00%
Revenue23,519.8922,726.8222,169.9121,830.9421,698.3321,766.4722,035.4022,510.7123,203.7024,131.85
EBITDA6,443.466,226.196,073.625,980.765,944.425,963.096,036.776,166.986,356.836,611.11
D&A-1,263.56-1,220.95-1,191.03-1,172.82-1,165.70-1,169.36-1,183.81-1,209.34-1,246.57-1,296.44
EBIT5,179.905,005.234,882.584,807.934,778.724,793.734,852.964,957.645,110.265,314.67
Pro forma Taxes-1,140.44-1,101.99-1,074.98-1,058.55-1,052.12-1,055.42-1,068.46-1,091.51-1,125.11-1,170.12
NOPAT4,039.453,903.253,807.603,749.383,726.613,738.313,784.503,866.133,985.154,144.55
Capital Expenditures-1,159.52-1,120.42-1,092.96-1,076.25-1,069.72-1,073.07-1,086.33-1,109.77-1,143.93-1,189.69
NWC Investment51.7538.9027.3216.636.50-3.34-13.19-23.31-33.99-45.53
(+) D&A1,263.561,220.951,191.031,172.821,165.701,169.361,183.811,209.341,246.571,296.44
Free Cash Flow4,195.254,042.683,932.993,862.583,829.103,831.253,868.783,942.394,053.804,205.78
Diluted Shares Outstanding545,075,000.00545,075,000.00545,075,000.00545,075,000.00545,075,000.00545,075,000.00545,075,000.00545,075,000.00545,075,000.00545,075,000.00

Discounting Periods

MetricDec-25Dec-26Dec-27Dec-28Dec-29Dec-30Dec-31Dec-32Dec-33Dec-34
Period Start9/30/251/1/261/1/271/1/281/1/291/1/301/1/311/1/321/1/331/1/34
Period End12/31/2512/31/2612/31/2712/31/2812/31/2912/31/3012/31/3112/31/3212/31/3312/31/34
Mid-Point11/15/257/2/267/2/277/1/287/2/297/2/307/2/317/1/327/2/337/2/34
Time (t)0.100.461.462.463.464.465.466.467.468.46
Valuation Date1/16/26

Base Case Projected Flows

WACC: 9.10%Terminal Growth: 2.06%
Metric2025202620272028202920302031203220332034TV (5y)TV (10y)
Discount Factor0.990.960.880.810.740.680.620.570.520.48
PV UFCF4,158.883,883.953,463.463,117.802,833.022,598.232,404.892,246.282,117.142,013.34
Raw: 55,535.23
39,338.16
Raw: 60,998.42
27,956.33

Base Case Valuation

5-Year Horizon10-Year Horizon
UFCFUFCF
Enterprise Value56,795.2756,793.31
(-) Net Debt8,669.508,669.50
Equity Value48,125.7748,123.81
(/) Shares Out545.08545.08
Fair Value$88.29$88.29
(-) Safety Margin85.50%85.50%
Buy Price$12.80$12.80
Current Price$165.64$165.64
Upside (to Buy Price)-92.27%-92.27%

Conservative Projected Flows

WACC: 10.10%Terminal Growth: 1.56%
Metric2025202620272028202920302031203220332034TV (5y)TV (10y)
Discount Factor0.990.960.870.790.720.650.590.540.490.44
PV UFCF4,155.083,867.683,417.633,048.602,744.982,494.622,288.012,117.701,977.821,863.77
Raw: 45,553.10
31,122.28
Raw: 50,034.32
21,131.21

Conservative Valuation

5-Year Horizon10-Year Horizon
UFCFUFCF
Enterprise Value48,356.2549,107.11
(-) Net Debt8,669.508,669.50
Equity Value39,686.7540,437.61
(/) Shares Out545.08545.08
Fair Value$72.81$74.19
(-) Safety Margin85.50%85.50%
Buy Price$10.56$10.76
Current Price$165.64$165.64
Upside (to Buy Price)-93.63%-93.51%

Aggressive Projected Flows

WACC: 8.10%Terminal Growth: 2.56%
Metric2025202620272028202920302031203220332034TV (5y)TV (10y)
Discount Factor0.990.960.890.830.760.710.650.600.560.52
PV UFCF4,162.713,900.443,510.343,189.232,924.742,707.162,528.892,383.952,267.682,176.45
Raw: 70,925.76
52,105.80
Raw: 77,902.97
38,774.64

Aggressive Valuation

5-Year Horizon10-Year Horizon
UFCFUFCF
Enterprise Value69,793.2568,526.24
(-) Net Debt8,669.508,669.50
Equity Value61,123.7559,856.74
(/) Shares Out545.08545.08
Fair Value$112.14$109.81
(-) Safety Margin85.50%85.50%
Buy Price$16.26$15.92
Current Price$165.64$165.64
Upside (to Buy Price)-90.18%-90.39%

Reverse DCF: Market Implied Growth

Current Price$165.64
WACC Used9.1%
IMPLIED REVENUE GROWTH138.42%
Metric2027202820292030203120322033203420352036
Implied Revenue59,186.65141,110.17336,428.57802,097.941,912,326.044,559,282.2210,870,036.7425,915,855.4161,787,423.34147,310,811.19
Constant Implied Growth138.42%138.42%138.42%138.42%138.42%138.42%138.42%138.42%138.42%138.42%
Implied Free Cash Flow5.9214.1133.6480.21191.23455.931,087.002,591.596,178.7414,731.08
Discount Factor0.930.810.740.680.620.570.520.480.440.40
Present Value of Implied FCF5.5111.3924.8954.40118.87259.78567.701,240.612,711.155,924.76

Rolling Historical DCF (Backtest)

Valuation based on actual realized growth.
YearValuation DateActual PriceRealized Growth (5Y)Calculated Fair ValueValuation Delta
20192019-12-31$147.50-7.62%$66.17-55.14%
20182018-12-31$159.31-3.70%$85.14-46.56%
20172017-12-31$196.792.57%$118.93-39.57%
20162016-12-31$149.302.85%$132.45-11.29%
20152015-12-31$125.952.75%$120.14-4.61%
20142014-12-31$137.383.93%$133.64-2.72%
20132013-12-31$117.263.45%$101.50-13.44%
20122012-12-31$77.633.30%$91.0617.30%
20112011-12-31$68.333.55%$92.6535.60%
20102010-12-31$72.154.22%$100.4939.28%
20092009-12-31$69.126.23%$109.7558.78%
20082008-12-31$48.117.75%$85.0676.80%
20072007-12-31$70.505.88%$72.883.38%
20062006-12-31$65.164.43%$62.34-4.32%
20052005-12-31$64.803.64%$74.6915.26%
20042004-12-31$68.625.17%$80.6217.49%
20032003-12-31$71.098.94%$85.9620.92%
20022002-12-31$51.549.39%$60.8418.05%
20012001-12-31$49.429.36%$56.9715.27%
20002000-12-31$50.378.13%$29.51-41.42%
19991999-12-31$40.925.20%$44.117.78%
19981998-12-31$29.733.51%$16.95-42.98%
19971997-12-31$34.312.82%$3.42-90.03%
19961996-12-31$34.703.47%$21.43-38.24%
19951995-12-31$27.754.96%$24.25-12.62%

Monte Carlo Simulation (1,000 Iterations)

Mean Fair Value
$90.09
Median
$87.81
10th Percentile
$73.53
90th Percentile
$109.58

Fair Value Distribution

$57.49 - $63.93
9
$63.93 - $70.36
40
$70.36 - $76.80
124
$76.80 - $83.24
192
$83.24 - $89.68
176
$89.68 - $96.12
171
$96.12 - $102.56
116
$102.56 - $109.00
67
$109.00 - $115.44
52
$115.44 - $121.88
19
$121.88 - $128.31
17
$128.31 - $134.75
8
$134.75 - $141.19
3
$141.19 - $147.63
2
$147.63 - $154.07
0
$154.07 - $160.51
1
$160.51 - $166.95
1
$166.95 - $173.39
1
$173.39 - $179.83
0
$179.83 - $186.26
1