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Royce Value Trust Inc.

Intrinsic Value Analysis (Discounted Cash Flow)Industry: Asset ManagementSector: Financial Services

Fair Value Summary

Current Price$15.95
5Y Range0.36 – 0.52
5Y Selected0.44
(-) Safety Margin85.91%
5Y Buy Price$0.06
Upside (to Buy Price)-99.61%
10Y Range0.26 – 0.35
10Y Selected0.31
(-) Safety Margin85.91%
10Y Buy Price$0.04
Upside (to Buy Price)-99.73%

Company Predictability & Safety

MetricValue
Revenue R2 (5Y)0.1561
Revenue R2 (10Y)0.0039
Net Income R2 (5Y)0.0112
Net Income R2 (10Y)0.0091
EBITDA R2 (5Y)0.0634
EBITDA R2 (10Y)0.0079
FCF R2 (5Y)0.2017
FCF R2 (10Y)0.0649
Safety Score0.1409

DA 10-Year Projection

Metric2025202620272028202920302031203220332034
% Growth-44.93%-39.49%-34.06%-28.62%-23.18%-17.75%-12.31%-6.87%-1.44%4.00%
Revenue13.007.865.193.702.842.342.051.911.881.96
EBITDA13.958.445.573.973.052.512.202.052.022.10
D&A0.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.00
EBIT13.958.445.573.973.052.512.202.052.022.10
Pro forma Taxes0.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.00
NOPAT13.958.445.573.973.052.512.202.052.022.10
Capital Expenditures0.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.00
NWC Investment4.522.191.140.630.370.220.120.060.01-0.03
(+) D&A0.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.00
Free Cash Flow18.4710.636.714.613.422.732.322.112.032.07
Diluted Shares Outstanding116,402,535.25116,402,535.25116,402,535.25116,402,535.25116,402,535.25116,402,535.25116,402,535.25116,402,535.25116,402,535.25116,402,535.25

Discounting Periods

MetricDec-25Dec-26Dec-27Dec-28Dec-29Dec-30Dec-31Dec-32Dec-33Dec-34
Period Start6/30/251/1/261/1/271/1/281/1/291/1/301/1/311/1/321/1/331/1/34
Period End12/31/2512/31/2612/31/2712/31/2812/31/2912/31/3012/31/3112/31/3212/31/3312/31/34
Mid-Point9/30/257/2/267/2/277/1/287/2/297/2/307/2/317/1/327/2/337/2/34
Time (t)0.100.461.462.463.464.465.466.467.468.46
Valuation Date1/16/26

Base Case Projected Flows

WACC: 9.10%Terminal Growth: 2.00%
Metric2025202620272028202920302031203220332034TV (5y)TV (10y)
Discount Factor0.990.960.880.810.740.680.620.570.520.48
PV UFCF18.3110.215.913.722.531.851.441.201.060.99
Raw: 49.14
34.81
Raw: 29.75
13.64

Base Case Valuation

5-Year Horizon10-Year Horizon
UFCFUFCF
Enterprise Value75.4960.87
(-) Net Debt26.1526.15
Equity Value49.3434.72
(/) Shares Out116.40116.40
Fair Value$0.42$0.30
(-) Safety Margin85.91%85.91%
Buy Price$0.06$0.04
Current Price$15.95$15.95
Upside (to Buy Price)-99.63%-99.74%

Conservative Projected Flows

WACC: 10.10%Terminal Growth: 1.50%
Metric2025202620272028202920302031203220332034TV (5y)TV (10y)
Discount Factor0.990.960.870.790.720.650.590.540.490.44
PV UFCF18.3010.175.833.642.451.781.371.130.990.92
Raw: 40.37
27.58
Raw: 24.44
10.32

Conservative Valuation

5-Year Horizon10-Year Horizon
UFCFUFCF
Enterprise Value67.9656.90
(-) Net Debt26.1526.15
Equity Value41.8130.75
(/) Shares Out116.40116.40
Fair Value$0.36$0.26
(-) Safety Margin85.91%85.91%
Buy Price$0.05$0.04
Current Price$15.95$15.95
Upside (to Buy Price)-99.68%-99.77%

Aggressive Projected Flows

WACC: 8.10%Terminal Growth: 2.50%
Metric2025202620272028202920302031203220332034TV (5y)TV (10y)
Discount Factor0.990.960.890.830.760.710.650.600.560.52
PV UFCF18.3310.265.993.802.611.931.521.281.141.07
Raw: 62.62
46.00
Raw: 37.91
18.87

Aggressive Valuation

5-Year Horizon10-Year Horizon
UFCFUFCF
Enterprise Value86.9966.79
(-) Net Debt26.1526.15
Equity Value60.8440.64
(/) Shares Out116.40116.40
Fair Value$0.52$0.35
(-) Safety Margin85.91%85.91%
Buy Price$0.07$0.05
Current Price$15.95$15.95
Upside (to Buy Price)-99.54%-99.69%

Reverse DCF: Market Implied Growth

Current Price$15.95
WACC Used9.1%
IMPLIED REVENUE GROWTH179.17%
Metric2027202820292030203120322033203420352036
Implied Revenue274.61766.652,140.315,975.2016,681.2446,569.83130,011.22362,958.571,013,288.872,828,847.23
Constant Implied Growth179.17%179.17%179.17%179.17%179.17%179.17%179.17%179.17%179.17%179.17%
Implied Free Cash Flow0.030.080.210.601.674.6613.0036.30101.33282.88
Discount Factor0.940.810.740.680.620.570.520.480.440.40
Present Value of Implied FCF0.030.060.160.411.042.656.7917.3844.46113.77

Rolling Historical DCF (Backtest)

Valuation based on actual realized growth.
YearValuation DateActual PriceRealized Growth (5Y)Calculated Fair ValueValuation Delta
20122012-12-31$13.4248.61%$147.961,002.55%
20112011-12-31$12.27-9.85%$-14.49-218.07%
20102010-12-31$14.54-7.03%$44.53206.23%
20092009-12-31$10.79-3.63%$51.83380.36%
20082008-12-31$8.398.54%$-175.07-2,186.65%
20072007-12-31$18.582.80%$17.47-6.00%
20062006-12-31$22.21-10.05%$33.0048.60%
20052005-12-31$20.08-13.70%$12.42-38.13%
20042004-12-31$20.44-8.58%$35.7374.79%
20032003-12-31$17.2916.63%$168.53874.73%
20022002-12-31$13.2524.78%$-92.29-796.56%
20012001-12-31$15.7213.77%$69.38341.37%
20002000-12-31$14.44-6.83%$30.48111.05%
19991999-12-31$13.06-24.88%$8.67-33.60%
19981998-12-31$13.75-24.48%$3.90-71.64%
19971997-12-31$15.06-11.35%$4.44-70.50%
19961996-12-31$12.63-3.77%$-23.88-289.04%
19951995-12-31$11.883.82%$-7.52-163.33%

Monte Carlo Simulation (1,000 Iterations)

Mean Fair Value
$0.30
Median
$0.30
10th Percentile
$0.26
90th Percentile
$0.35

Fair Value Distribution

$0.22 - $0.24
8
$0.24 - $0.25
44
$0.25 - $0.27
105
$0.27 - $0.28
175
$0.28 - $0.30
196
$0.30 - $0.32
169
$0.32 - $0.33
105
$0.33 - $0.35
69
$0.35 - $0.36
56
$0.36 - $0.38
31
$0.38 - $0.39
11
$0.39 - $0.41
18
$0.41 - $0.42
4
$0.42 - $0.44
3
$0.44 - $0.46
0
$0.46 - $0.47
3
$0.47 - $0.49
2
$0.49 - $0.50
0
$0.50 - $0.52
0
$0.52 - $0.53
1